Using Specific Expertise During the Investigation of Criminal Offences Committed by Professional Participants in Court Proceedings
Abstract
Annotation: The Article Purpose is to clarify particularities of using specific expertise during the investigation of criminal offenses committed by professional participants in court proceedings. This study applied a set of general scientific, special legal and empirical methods, which enabled us to comprehensively and thoroughly research the problem. The appointment of forensic experts, the involvement of specialists, the provision of advising, and the use of digital technologies helped to reveal procedural forms of utilizing specific expertise in pre-trial investigation. Typical types of forensic examinations appointed in cases of this category were analysed: handwriting, forensic, psychiatric, technical, video and sound recording. The potential of using non-typical forms of research (such as semantic-textual or psycholinguistic) is discussed. The author reveals tendencies toward the growing role of specific expertise in ensuring the objectivity of evidence, exposing falsifications, verifying findings of investigative (search) actions and establishing boundaries within which evidence is admissible. Emphasis is placed on the inadmissibility of delegating legal assessment to forensic experts, which is contrary to the procedural model of criminal proceedings. Findings of the study will contribute to improving forensic methodologies and to normatively establishing the use of specific expertise forms in investigating crimes against justice involving professional participants in court proceedings.
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