Integration of Virtual Reconstruction into Criminal Procedure in Ukraine (Based on Example of Investigative Experiment)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2026.03Keywords:
criminal proceedings; investigative experiment; virtual reconstruction; VSIE; 3D modeling; digital evidence; martial law; criminal proceedings; evidence.Abstract
This article purpose is to conduct a comparative legal analysis of reconstruction institution of criminal offenses and to scientifically justify feasibility of introducing virtual situational investigative experiments into Ukrainian criminal proceedings as a new standard of scientific reliability and metric accuracy of evidence. For achieving this goal, general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition were used (comparative legal one, formal legal one, forecasting, modeling, systemic-structural, analysis, and synthesis). The issue of limitations of conducting traditional crime scene reconstructions in conditions of martial law, caused by the destruction of the material environment and dangerous access to the scenes of events, has been highlighted. The advantages of 3D technologies (LiDAR, photogrammetry) for creating metrically accurate digital models of the scene of the incident, which ensure the transition from subjective perception to algorithmic verification, are substantiated. The feasibility of using 3D models as an addition to investigative action protocol is proven. It is concluded that digital transformation of evidence is a leading stage in modernization of justice, combining technical accuracy with procedural fairness.
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Baranchuk, V. V. (2020). 3D skanuvannia yak sposib fiksatsii na mistsi zlochynu: perevahy y nedoliky [3D Scanning as a way of fixing a crime scene: Advantages and disadvantages]. Yurydychnyi biuleten. Vyp. 16. DOI: 10.32850/LB2414-4207.2020.16.01 [in Ukrainian].
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Carew, R. M., French, J., Morgan, R. M. (2021). 3D Forensic science: A new field integrating 3D imaging and 3D printing in crime reconstruction. Forensic Science International: Synergy. Vol. 3. Art. 100205. DOI: 10.1016/j. fsisyn.2021.100205.
Chornous, Yu. (2025). Taktyka slidchoho eksperymentu za osoblyvoho rezhymu kryminalnoho provadzhennia v umovakh voiennoho stanu [Tactics of investigative experiment under a special regime of criminal proceedings under martial law]. Pravookhoronna diialnist v umovakh voiennoho stanu : mat-ly Vseukr. nauk.-prakt. seminaru (Ivano-Frankivsk, 21.10.2025). Ivano-Frankivsk. URL: https://surl.li/qfckrh [in Ukrainian].
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Kolomiiets, V. V. (2024). Metodyka rozsliduvannia porushennia pravyl bezpeky dorozhnoho rukhu abo ekspluatatsii transportu osobamy, yaki keruiut transportnymy zasobamy [Methodology for the investigation of violations of road safety rules or transport operation by persons driving vehicles] : dys. … d-ra philos. v haluzi prava. Kropyvnytskyi. URL: https://dnuvs.ukr.education/wp-content/ uploads/2024/12/dysertacziya_kolomiyecz. pdf [in Ukrainian].
Kovalenko, A. V. (2024). Kryminalistychne vchennia pro zbyrannia, doslidzhennia ta vykorystannia dokaziv u kryminalnomu provadzhenni [Criminalistic doctrine on the collection, examination, and use of evidence in criminal proceedings] : monohrafiia. Kyiv. URL: https://rep.dnuvs.ukr.education/server/api/ core/bitstreams/4bd5ad6e-849f-43ba-9772- 3023b1d75509/content [in Ukrainian].
Kovbasa, V. (2020). Orhanizatsiino-pidhotovchi zakhody do provedennia slidchoho eksperymentu [Organizational and preparatory measures for the investigative experiment]. Naukovyi visnyk Dnipropetrovskoho derzhavnoho universytetu vnutrishnikh sprav. № 3. DOI: 10.31733/2078-3566-2020-3-174- 179 [in Ukrainian]. Kowbuz, D. (2020). How 3D scanning rebuilds crime scenes for courtrooms : Capturing crucial evidence to aid justice / Gim-international : web. May 13. URL: https://www. gim-international.com/content/article/ how-3d-scanning-rebuilds-crime-scenesfor-courtrooms.
Kryminalistyka [Criminalistics] (2018) : pidruchnyk. U 2 t. T. 1 / za zah. red. A. F. Volobuieva, R. L. Stepaniuka, V. O. Maliarovoi. Kharkiv. URL: https://fpk.in.ua/images/biblioteka/4bac_pravo/Kryminalistyka_Pidruchnyk_Tom-1_Kharkiv_2018. pdf [in Ukrainian].
Kuntii, A. I. (2019). Taktyka slidchoho eksperymentu pid chas rozsliduvannia umysnoho vbyvstva, vchynenoho v stani sylnoho dushevnoho khvyliuvannia [Tactics of investigative experimentation during the investigation of intentional murder committed in a state of intense emotional distress]. Porivnialno-analitychne pravo. № 4. URL: https://pap-journal.in.ua/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/PAP_4_2019.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Lepei, M. V., Lepei, O. V. (2024). Kryminalistychne zabezpechennia provedennia slidchoho eksperymentu pid chas rozsliduvannia kryminalnykh pravoporushen proty moralnosti [Forensic support for conducting an investigative experiment during the investigation of criminal offenses against morality]. Visnyk kryminolohichnoi asotsiatsii Ukrainy. № 1 (31). DOI: 10.32631/ vca.2024.1.62 [in Ukrainian].
Malanchuk, P. M. (2018). Pravova pryroda slidchoho eksperymentu [Legal nature of investigative experiment]. Pravovi horyzonty. № 9 (22). DOI: 10.21272/legalhorizons.2018. i9.p52 [in Ukrainian].
Maneli, M. A., Isafiade, O. E. (2022). 3D Forensic Crime Scene Reconstruction involving Immersive Technology: A Systematic Literature Revie. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Access. Vol. 10. DOI: 10.1109/access.2022.3199437.
Negrebetskyi, V. (2019). Kryminalistychna rekonstruktsiia yak taktychnyi pryiom slidchoho eksperymentu [Criminal reconstruction as a tactical technique of investigative experimentation]. Pidpryiemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i pravo. № 6. DOI: 10.32849/2663- 5313/2019.6.59 [in Ukrainian].
Notowitz, D. (2023). Using 3D Scans and Modeling as Evidence in Court. Law Technology Today. Nov 08. URL: https://www.americanbar.org/groups/law_practice/resources/ law-technology-today/2023/using-3d-scansand-modeling-as-evidence-in-court/.
Pavliuk, N. V. (2019). Zastosuvannia 3D-modeliuvannia pid chas dopytu ta slidchoho eksperymentu [The use of 3D modeling during interrogation and investigative experiments]. Innovatsiini metody ta tsyfrovi tekhnolohii v kryminalistytsi, sudovii ekspertyzi ta yurydychnii praktytsi : mat-ly mizhnar. «kruhl. stolu» (Kharkiv, 12.12.2019). Kharkiv. URL: https://surl.lt/hvpxah [in Ukrainian].
Shcherbakovskyi, M. H. (2023). Slidchyi eksperyment pry rozsliduvanni znyshchennia abo poshkodzhennia maina [An investigative experiment in the destruction or damage to property investigation]. Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu vnutrishnikh sprav. № 2 (101). Ch. 1. DOI: 10.32631/v.2023.2.29 [in Ukrainian].
Stratonov, V. M. (2024). Slidchyi eksperyment u systemi kryminalistychnykh znan [Investigative experiment in the system of forensic knowledge]. Naukovyi visnyk Khersonskoho derzhavnoho universytetu. Seriia: Yurydychni nauky. Vyp. 1. DOI: 10.32999/ ksu2307-8049/2024-1-3 [in Ukrainian].
Svoboda, Ye. Yu., Yusupov, V. V., Mykhalchuk, T. V. (2025). Teoretychni ta praktychni aspekty 3D-skanuvannia pid chas rozsliduvannia kryminalnykh pravoporushen (ohliadova stattia) [Theoretical and practical aspects of 3D scanning during criminal offense investigation (review article)]. Yevropeiskyi pravnychyi chasopys. Vyp. 6, 7. DOI: 10.36919/3041-1149(Print).6-7.2025.202-209 [in Ukrainian].
Valchyshyn, H. I. (2021). Orhanizatsiino-taktychni osoblyvosti provedennia slidchoho eksperymentu pry rozsliduvanni dorozhno-transportnykh pryhod [Оrganizational and tactical features of the investigative experiment during the investigation of a traffic accident] : dys. … d-ra philos. v haluzi prava. Dnipro. URL: https:// dduvs.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/files/Structure/science/rada/df017/d.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Varlakhov, V., Sviderskyi, O., Mitunevichus, V. (2022). Specialist’s Participation in Crime Scene Reconstruction for Investigating Circumstances of Traffic Collision Occurred in the Dark. Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics. № 3(28). DOI: 10.32353/khrife.3.2022.07.
Velyka ukrainska yurydychna entsyklopediia [The Great Ukrainian Legal Encyclopedia] (2018). U 20 t. T. 20 : Kryminalistyka, sudova ekspertyza, yurydychna psykholohiia / redkol.: V. Yu. Shepitko ta in. Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
Villa, Ch., Lynnerup, N., Jacobsen, Ch. (2023). A Virtual, 3D Multimodal Approach to Victim and Crime Scene Reconstruction. Diagnostics. Art. 13(17):2764. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172764.
Yukhno, O. O. (2023). Osoblyvosti provedennia slidchoho eksperymentu v dosudovomu rozsliduvanni vbyvstv, pov’iazanykh z nasylstvom u sim’i [Features of conducting an investigative examination in the pre-trial investigation of homicides involving domestic violence]. Pravo.ua. № 2. DOI: 10.32782/ LAW.UA.2023.2.11 [in Ukrainian].
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Published
2026-04-16
How to Cite
Shcherbakovskyi, M., & Myroshnychenko, Y. (2026). Integration of Virtual Reconstruction into Criminal Procedure in Ukraine (Based on Example of Investigative Experiment). Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics, 42(1), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2026.03
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