Improvised Incendiary Device: Concept Definition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32353/khrife.4.2024.12Keywords:
fire; fire research; forensic fire and technical examination; ignition source; improvised incendiary device; arson; fire investigation.Abstract
The paper discusses the lack of definition for the “improvised incendiary device” concept in current foreign and domestic methodologies and reference literature used by specialists to conduct forensic fire and technical examinations. The purpose is to define of the “improvised incendiary device” concept for its subsequent use within the framework of forensic fire and technical examinations. The method of system structural analysis has been employed to fulfill this goal. The lack of methods and methodologies for the study of improvised incendiary device preclude the attempts of forensic experts in forensic fire and technical examination to determine a specific source of ignition that has resulted in the ignition of a certain material (substance) or has sufficient energy to ignite a corresponding combustible medium at the seat of a fire. In turn, the fact that a specific ignition source cannot be identified leads to a probable rather than a categorical expert conclusion as to the true cause of a fire, and sometimes to the impossibility of determining the cause of a fire at all. According to three explanatory dictionaries compiled at various times and by different compilers, as well as three manuals (methodologies) for conducting forensic fire and technical examinations and ДСТУ 2272:2006, the author provides an indepth analysis for interpreting terms related to the formation of the “improvised incendiary device” concept. The definition for this concept has been provided. This will further promote the development of relevant methods and methodologies for researching overall structure of improvised incendiary devices, their design elements, and the principle of operation in the context of carrying out forensic fire and technical examinations.
References
Akademichnyi tlumachnyi slovnyk ukrainskoi movy [Academic Explanatory Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (1970—1980). V 11 t. / za red. I. K. Bilodida. Kyiv. URL: https://sum.in.ua [in Ukrainian].
Arson n.¹. Arson n.² (2024) / Oxford English Dictionary. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press. URL: https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?scope=Entries&q=arson.
Bezvesilnyi, V. D., Diachenko, O. F. (2007). Rozsliduvannia ta sudovi ekspertyzy pozhezh [Fire Investigations and Forensic Examinations] : dovidk.-metod. posib. Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
Christ, S., Schwarz, N., Sliuzas, R. (2022). Measuring fire risk perception of residents before and after a fire / Advances in Forest Fire Research. Ed. D. X. Viegas, L. M. Ribeiro. Universidade de Coimbra. DOI: 10.14195/978- 989-26-2298-9_104.
Eroglu, Y. (2023). Text Mining Approach for Trend Tracking in Scientific Кesearch: A Сase Study on Forest Fire. Fire. 6(1):33. DOI: 10.3390/fire6010033.
Fenoff, R., Fish, J. T., Miller, L. S., Wallace, E. W. (2022). Arson and Explosives / R. Fenoff et al. Crime Scene Investigation. 4th ed. NY. DOI: 10.4324/9780429261657-9.
Gales, J., McNamee, R. (2023). Fire research for timber structures. Fire and Materials. Vol. 47. Is. 4. DOI: 10.1002/fam.3140.
Horsley, F. K. (2021). New Perspectives on Arson and Firesetting: The Human-Fire Relationship. Taylor & Francis Group. DOI: 10.4324/9780367808648.
Korotkyi tlumachnyi slovnyk ukrainskoi movy [Concise Explanatory Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (1978)/ uklad.: D.H.Hrynchyshyn, L. L. Humetska, V. L. Karpova ta in. ; vidp. red. L. L. Humetska. Kyiv. URL: https:// shron1.chtyvo.org.ua/Humetska_LL/Korotkyi_tlumachnyi_slovnyk_ukrainskoi_movy. pdf?PHPSESSID=1oe6h4aoc7e9sl8cd7jonpcr65 [in Ukrainian].
Kwon, H., Kim, S., Seo, J. (2020). The Typology of Korean Arson and Predictive Factor for Serial Arson. Journal of The Korean Data Analysis Society. Vol. 22. Is. 1. DOI: 10.37727/ jkdas.2020.22.1.387.
Lim, O. K. (2023). Bibliometric Analysis of Research Topics on Fire Safety. Fire Science and Engineering. Vol. 37. Is. 1. DOI: 10.7731/ KIFSE.6a32f1fd.
Noon, R. K. (1992). Introduction to Forensic Engineering. 1st ed. CRC Press. Perry, J. (2022). Innovative Fire Fighting Strategy / Advances in Forest Fire Research. Ed. D. X. Viegas, L. M. Ribeiro. Universidade de Coimbra. DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-2298- 9_257.
Scribner, C. F. (2023). A Is for Arson: A History of Vandalism in American Education. Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press. DOI: 10.1515/9781501770739.
Shmereho, O. B., Lysenko, O. V., Kuchynskyi, V. V., Polieshko, L. I., Foris, Yu. B., Tsvyk, L. V., Havryliuk, O. M., Fonrabe, V. V., Stelmashov, I. V., Sabadash, V. V., Suprun, V. S., Shebalkov, I. L., Huseinov, R. N., Belikov, A. S. (2019). Metodyka z teoretychnykh ta praktychnykh osnov provedennia sudovykh pozhezhno-tekhnichnykh ekspertyz [Methodology on the Theoretical and Practical Bases for Forensic Fire and Technical Examinations]. KNDISE ; KhNDISE ; DniproNDISE [in Ukrainian]. Stanley, J. R. (2020). Preventing rural arson / Rural Crime Prevention. Theory, Tactics and Techniques ; Ed. by A. Harkness. 1st ed. London. DOI: 10.4324/9780429460135-33.
Statystyka pozhezh [Fire Statistics] / Instytut derzhavnoho upravlinnia ta naukovykh doslidzhen z tsyvilnoho zakhystu : ofits. sait. URL: https://idundcz.dsns.gov.ua/uk/statistika-pozhezh [in Ukrainian].
Stepanenko, S. H., Bilkun, D. H., Yanyk, Ya. M., Tymoshchuk, Yu. T. (1999). Doslidzhennia pozhezh [Fire Research] : dovidk.-metod. posib. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Tao, X. (2021). Research on Innovative Model of Fire Management in Universities — Take Fire Safety Education as an Example. Frontiers in Educational Research. Vol. 4. Is. 12. DOI: 10.25236/FER.2021.041208.
Tlumachnyi slovnyk ukrainskoi movy [Explanatory Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (2005) / za red. V. S. Kalashnyka. 2-he vyd., vypr. i dopov. Kharkiv. URL: https://archive. org/details/tlumachny2005/page/n987/ mode/2up [in Ukrainian].
Woods, R. (2023). Wildfire Arson Prevention Guide. 1st ed. CRC Press. DOI: 10.4324/9781003353843. Yang, Y., Du, H., Yao, G. (2023). A Scientometric Research on Applications and Advances of Fire Safety Evacuation in Buildings. Fire. 6(3):83. DOI: 10.3390/fire6030083.
