TYPES OF IDENTITY DOCUMENTS INSPECTION WHILE CROSSING THE STATE BORDER OF UKRAINE (Review Article)
Abstract
Inspection of passport documents is divided into types according to the following criteria: 1) by entities (the first category includes employees of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine who possess special knowledge and have undergone appropriate training; the second one comprises of prosecutors, units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Security Service of Ukraine; the third one includes only forensic experts with corresponding forensic qualifications; the fourth category comprises of other employees who have the right to inspect documents (representatives of travel agencies, banking institutions, notaries, judges and others)); 2) by inspection sites (at checkpoints: a) at border checkpoints (specially selected buildings with equipment), b) in vehicles and at the places of foreign vehicles parking; c) in specially designated control areas: in ports, fishing enterprises, berths, in the territory of neighboring states; d) outside checkpoints at places where persons are being examined (in a train car, in buses); in workrooms, offices or outside).
During inspection, entities should undertake the following procedure: a) determine the type of passport document; b) examine general appearance; c) check its details; d) examine photo cards; e) pages are studied; e) establish the validity of existing visas; g) use appropriate technical equipment to detect signs of complete or partial forgery in passport documents.
The peculiarities of studying these documents were also systematized and considered above in order to identify signs of forgery, such as: time and place, professional qualification of survey participants, technical support, purpose and result of inspection, procedure for detecting and fixing signs of forgery. The study of documents requires possessing special knowledge, practical skills of checking passport documents which is extremely important in investigation and prevention of criminal offenses related to forgery of identity documents when crossing the state border of Ukraine.
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